Periodontal disease is considered a disease of the poor. Low income population, ethnic minorities and the elderly show the higher incidence of gum disease, mainly due to lack of access to dental health care and dental insurance. Gum disease â also known as periodontal disease or periodontitis â is caused by the bacteria in plaque that, if not treated, can lead to infection and tooth loss. risk factors associated with periodontal disease Although plaque buildup is the main causative factor for periodontal disease still other contributory factors may be involved. Systemic risk factors for periodontal disease are those conditions that affect most, if not all, tissues of the body. RISK FACTORS IN PERIODONTAL DISEASES. Three types of causations are generally identified: Sufficient ⦠If you have a family history of gum disease, then you are more likely to have problems with your gums. Periodontal treatment impacts risk factors for cardiovascular disease. 1 Recently, chronic infectious diseases, including periodontal disease, were also linked to stroke risk. Risk factors in periodontal diseases 1. There are different factors that may increase the risk of getting periodontal disease . The role of genetic factors in aggressive periodontitis is clear. Gum disease is an inflammatory condition marked by an excessive presence of harmful oral bacteria in the mouth. Genco RJ, Borgnakke WS. A number of risk factors and models have been identified that can help clinicians develop a personalized periodontal treatment plan for every patient. Socioeconomic Factors. To fight this risk factor, you must brush properly twice a day and floss every night before bed. I am NOT suggesting you stop a medication prescribed for you that is causing your dry mouth. Not all risk factors for periodontal disease can be controlled or eliminated. This condition occurs when bacteria gather in pockets in your gums. Thatâs why itâs so important not to lapse in your oral care routine as you age. Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease. The most common risk factor and cause of gum disease in American adults is simply a bad oral hygiene routine. [1] 7 Risk Factors for Gum Disease 1. Heart disease and periodontal disease share some common risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, and obesity. MedlinePlus: Gum Disease The NIH National Library of Medicine's collection of links to government, professional, and non-profit/voluntary organizations with information on periodontal disease and gingivitis. Periodontal disease (PD) comprises a group of diseases involving inflammatory aspects of the host and dysbiotic events that affect periodontal tissues and could have systemic implications. Diabetes increases the risk for both periodontal disease and heart disease. Box 4-1. What are the risk factors for gum disease and how can vulnerable adults prevent it? Periodontol 2000. T he purpose of this paper is to review current knowledge of genetic risk factors for the periodontal diseases and to present updated and additional data from the Minnesota Twin Periodontal Study. They are in contrast to the local risk factors described in Chapters 10 and 14 that influence periodontal tissues at the tooth or site level. However, genes do not make gum disease an inevitable condition as those who have a higher chance of gum disease developing are able to control and even prevent periodontal disease through sound oral hygiene and care. If you leave periodontitis or periodontal disease untreated, it can lead to complications like tooth loss, recurrent gum abscesses, increase in damage to the periodontal ligament that connects the tooth to the socket, damage to the alveolar or jaw bone, loss of teeth, receding gums, and loosening of teeth. In this post, weâll review some of the main risk factors for periodontal disease. Genetic factors also play a role in periodontal disease and allow one to target individuals for prevention and early detection. Thereâs an increasing suspicion that periodontal disease may be an independent risk factor for heart disease. 2013;62:59â94. What Are the Risk Factors of Gum Disease? Some individuals are more likely to develop periodontal disease than others due to their genes. [27, 28] The severity of periodontal disease is influenced by genetic, environmental and nutritional factors. Other factors increasing the risk of developing periodontal disease: Other dental problems. Other health and lifestyle changes that will decrease the risk, severity, and speed of gum disease development include: Stop smoking. Introduction In most of the epidemiological studies , we seek to establish some sort of causal relationship between a characteristic , behaviour or exposure and the manifestation of a particular disease. Smoking is the number one risk factor for periodontal disease and a strong risk factor for heart disease. We can help through providing customized dental treatment plans that can help to reduce the chances of developing periodontal disease, or ⦠Family studies suggest that susceptibility to the early onset forms of disease, particularly prepubertal and juvenile periodontitis, is, at least in part, influenced by host genotype. Continued. Although men and women of all ages suffer from the condition, there are certain factors that can dramatically raise your risk of developing periodontal disease. Heredity. Tobacco Use Atherosclerosis, a major component of CVD, is a gradual process that develops over the course of a lifetime which doesn't manifest itself until later in life when periodontal disease is most prevalent. But by managing/eliminating factors we CAN control, we go a long way in reducing our chances of having severe periodontitis (bone loss around the teeth). If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Periodontitis can cause teeth to loosen or lead to tooth loss. Nunn ME. The symptoms of gum disease can range from a reversible condition to a serious problem that could require oral surgery. Some people never floss, which leaves plaque between the teeth. Find out more about the positive impact periodontal therapy has on cardiovascular disease and its risk factors ⦠According to the American Dental Association, genetics is a risk factor for developing gum disease. These factors should be investigated during a thorough dental examination of the patient (Box 4-1). Dr Nainika II MDS Dept of Periodontics 2. Risk factors are not the etiology of the disease, but play a role in determining who may potentially develop the disease. Local Risk Factors . The list of Periodontal Gum Disease risk factors is long, but being more aware will enable you to make better choices about your oral care. Risk factors in Periodontal Disease Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Gingivitis and periodontitis are among the most common human infections. The purpose of this paper is to review current knowledge of genetic risk factors for the periodontal diseases and to present updated and additional data from the Minnesota Twin Periodontal Study. The established risk factors do not fully account for the risk of stroke. Shared risk factors, such as smoking, unhealthy diet, and socioeconomic status, may explain the association. Itâs good to know the causes and risk factors so you can help avoid problems before they start. A simple questionnaire or assessment can provide this information and educate the patient on potential oral health care issues. This disease usually starts out as gingivitis, which is characterized by swollen, tender gums that may bleed during brushing. Causes and Risk Factors of Gum Disease . References. Modifiable risk factors are usually environmental or behavioral in nature, whereas non-modifiable risk factors are usually intrinsic to the individual and therefore can not be easily changed. Periodontal disease affects millions of Americans each year. In fact, the American Academy of Periodontology states that at least 70% of Americans over the age of 65 have gum disease. However, genes donât make periodontal disease inevitable. Both of these concordance rates are higher than the prevalence of periodontal disease among twins (5 percent) and among non-twin spouses (4 percent). Local risk factors can increase the risk of periodontal disease development and progression principally by acting as plaque retention factors. Understanding who is at risk for periodontitis is also important and beneficial to the patient. The risk factors for periodontal diseases can be classified broadly into two categories: modifiable risk factors and non-modifiable risk factors. Furthermore, these are factors that can increase the risk of gum disease or make it worse. However, age and gender differences in the risk for periodontal disease - and other risk factors for periodontal disease (e.g., smoking) - were not specifically taken into account in these analyses. Information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention about the causes of periodontal disease, its warning signs, risk factors, and prevention and treatment. These contributing/risk factors include: Genetics â Some may be more susceptible to gum disease than others due to their genes. If we manage oral inflammation and its associated risk factors, we can contribute to overall wellness. Although we tend to think that all bacteria are harmful, the majority are not. Patients having three risk factors such as stress, poor oral hygiene, and faulty dentistry are not three times more likely to develop periodontal disease than those without these risk factors; they are approximately 27 times more likely to have perio disease occur or worsen rapidly. Either they donât brush at all, or their brushing technique is faulty. Of the 350 bacteria species present in the average healthy mouth, over 95% are either harmless or beneficial 1. Local Risk Factors for Periodontal Diseases. Periodontitis (per-e-o-don-TIE-tis), also called gum disease, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. Diabetes has long been believed to be a risk factor for periodontal disease. Age. These risk factors are modifiable and their management is a major component of the contemporary care of many periodontal patients. Multiple risk factors do not increase the risk of disease in an additive manner, but rather exponentially. Periodontal diseases are a possible additional risk factor for age-related macular degeneration; however, the link between the two remains unclear, according to a ⦠Risk factors for periodontal disease. Family studies suggest that susceptibility to the early onset forms of disease, particularly prepubertal and juvenile periodontitis, is, at least in part, influenced by host genotype. Risk Factors For Gum Disease. Periodontal disease is now a risk factor for atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications, according the the Annuals of Periodontology. Risk factors play an important role in an individual's response to periodontal infection. Identification of these risk factors helps to target patients for prevention and treatment, with modification of risk factors critical to the control of periodontal disease. Age is one of the key risk factors for gum disease. Non-Modifiable risk factors ⦠Local risk factors for gum disease marked by an excessive presence of oral! Health care issues starts out as gingivitis, which leaves plaque between the teeth should be investigated during a dental... This condition occurs when bacteria gather in pockets in your oral care routine as age... WeâLl review some of the poor the symptoms of gum disease in American is! When bacteria gather in pockets in your gums to know the causes and risk factors, we contribute. 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