Blog Post: Ancestral Fermentation: Bread Kvass Made Without Commercial Yeast, Blog Post: Gluten-Free Sourdough: Experiments in Yeast Breads and Long-Fermentation. Remove the weights and followers* and replace with clean ones. You wont taste it in the finished ferment. Mold can be many different colors. Anytime I have experienced mold, it was when the brine was too low or from floaters. I have seen yeast in beet kvass that looks pink, but it is from the brine dying the yeast a pretty pink color. The white milky substance that commonly appears on the surface of fermented vegetables is kahm yeast. If yes, you learn all you need to know and what you can do about in in this article. Make sure that you only buy strong and healthy looking kefir crystals. Ich liebe Kefir und Kombucha und alles was damit zu tun hat... Du auch? " It comes in both powdered and flaked forms, and tastes nutty, cheesy and delightfully creamy. Kahm Yeast. Keeping the food submerged under the brine is one of the best ways to keep mold at bay. It smells funky and looks weird, but it’s totally harmless. The rest of the fermentation looks ok and smells fine with a thin white crusty film forming at the top on my water seal. Taste it and decide from there. Different food items will need different amounts of salt. Hygiene: If your water kefir has kahm yeast, it is important to clean up your fermentation vessel carefully with dish soap and rinse your water kefir crystals with lukewarm water. Then, sample the ferment to see if the flavor has been affected by the yeast. If you started with store bought juice it means sanitation was an issue and something (brett, wild yeast, etc) found its way in. But every time my son opens the fridge, he says, “Mom, you have mold on your pickles!” Well, do I? Use only fresh, organic ingredients. Kahm Yeast. Sometimes the brine color may make the yeast appear to have color.• Yeast likes to grow where it is moist and has plenty of sugar and/or amino acids. • Yeast is usually white and described as colorless. It doesn’t taste great and isn’t good for fermentation. All Rights Reserved. Kahm yeast presents as a thin, creamy white, opaque layer on the surface of a ferment. Thanks for letting me know, Cheryl. Mold can be airborne so this helps immensely to cut down on the amount that can enter the ferment. Foodborne diseases are caused by pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and parasites. (old Chinese saying) Nutritional yeast doesn't taste like yeast (you know, that strong, beer-like flavor). What does it really taste like? The main difference is that yeast is a single-celled organism and mold is multi-cellular filaments. A pellicle is formed by wild yeast, brett and other microbes when exposed to oxygen. Don’t get discouraged! These have preservatives that may hinder the good bacteria from growing, introducing mold in its place. Wash your fermenting vessels before each use with vinegar and water. If you have kahm yeast inside your drink, white bubbles which a lot of people think is mould, build up on the top. Rinse your food with water before cutting into it. That’s why these types of microorganisms are not welcome in your water kefir batch. Your water kefir smelled weird, was muddy and had some unusual bubbles on top? The time you don't take for your healty, you anytime have to take for your disease!" I’ll get on that this week! It can be flat or branching except where bubbles have formed. Or maybe you could make some kimchi! This is where usually the mistake is. You know, without seeing it for myself, I really can’t say. Your water kefir normaly should grow without or with only a little oxygen. I am looking forward to see you again for my next recipes or blog article. If it has, remove the top layer of food and taste the layer under that. Petra Kriegener Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
If you’re having recurring issues with kahm yeast, try using more salt in your brine or fermenting at cooler temperatures. If you find mold on a hard cheese, you simply cut off an inch and eat the rest of the cheese. A follower can be a cabbage leaf for example. I'm using a water filled bag to keep the kraut submerged. © 2020, Fermentools. It is best to keep a steady temperature no less than 65º F to no more than 70º F. Keep food under the brine, by using a follower such as a cabbage leaf. Many times people mistake it for mold. He used a scientific process called autolysis (or self-digestion) to break down the yeast cells, which formed a clear extract that he combined with salt, celery, and onion extracts. If your ferment does not smell pleasing to you it will most likely not get eaten so disposing of it in the compost might be the best bet. Although usually considered harmless, kahm yeast can make a ferment taste bad. After finding yeast in your ferment, wash your tools and jars/vessels and weights with vinegar and very hot water, to help minimize any transfer from previous batches. These photo galleries provide examples of actual mold on Kombucha, so review closely before taking action. It is important that you don’t have any dish soap rests left inside your vessel. It is usually the result of exposure to air. Kahm yeast seems to show up often on the surface of my pickles and sauerkraut in the Summer. Now, soft cheese has to be thrown away if it has mold on it, because of the higher moisture content. It tends to form in ferments exposed to open air, or when fermenting sweeter vegetables like carrots, beets, and peppers; it also forms more often in warm temperatures and in low salt … Kahm yeast is the one we mostly experience when fermenting. You don’t want to use anti-bacterial soap because it affects the good bacteria too, and that is what we are trying to grow in our ferments! Using the freshest possible food items will help immensely. There are certain vegetables that form kahm yeast in fermentation, when exposed to air. Thoughts? So food submerged in liquid is, in fact, very susceptible to spreading the mold to the entire container of food. And then, you still need to use your best judgment when it comes to deciding if something is safe to eat or not. I am looking forward to your experience about kahm yeast. You can try a different type of yeast if the amount of yeast isn’t changing the taste of pizza dough. What is the difference between mold and yeast? The bubbles form from gases that are made from the fermentation process which are trying to escape.• Yeast may be an indicator that mold will follow. Welcome to my online healthcare site! Why not try to fermented carrots? I use a fermenter with an inner lid and for a starter i just use some juice from homemade kraut or kimchi. This is because there is less surface area, and it is easier for the brine to penetrate into the food. The taste can be rotten and very unpleasant. Read more... kefir crystals you can easily buy online in our shop*, Elderberry Kefir Pie – a fruity sweet pleasure with homemade milk kefir, Make sure you have only a little bit of oxygen in your batch: If you use a screw top for your water kefir batch you should close it until the first resistance. Nutritional yeast is an answer to vegan prayers everywhere. Ive never had them taste like beer but occasionally you will get some kahm yeast on top. But that aside with most yeast and the correct conditions, you really shouldn't be making diacetyl. Smell and taste it. Sometimes yeast forms because of conditions that were not favorable for the ferment such as high temperatures, or maybe there was not enough salt.• There are many types of yeasts. Kahm yeast however can cause a disagreeable flavor or aroma. Use fresh, organic food. Foods that use yeast: Wine, beer, mead and sourdough breadsFermentation is made with bacteria, more specifically the good kind! Temperature also comes into play with fermentation. It should be removed from the ferment so it does not impart a bad odor, but a little bit left in the jar is not harmful to the vegetables or to you. The different variations can look fluffy, fuzzy, slimy, moist and glossy. Only kahm yeast can build a bubbly cover you can find on top of your water kefir batch. Inside your water kefir it is very difficult for mould to grow because the mould has no surface to grow on. I use Himalayan sea salt. Mould needs a surface to grow on. They are the first pickles I have ever made that are as crisp as store-bought. By far the most common issue is kahm yeast, an aerobic yeast that grows whenever a surface is exposed to oxygen. But I'm not sure. Kahm Yeast on Kombucha Brew – Likely Contamination; Healthy Kombucha SCOBY Growth including Unusual Kombucha SCOBYs; Normal Formations on Flavored or Bottled Kombucha; Kombucha Bubbles and Carbonation Forming In the Brew ; Normal JUN Tea Sediment at the Bottom of Brewing Jar; Normal Kombucha Yeast Collections on Top of the Brew or Embedded in New SCOBY; Normal Kombucha Yeast … Keeping the temperature steady is helpful also. Some people just like to brew. Kahm is the white film that often covers the top of your ferments. Using an airlock will help cut down on the air exposure, and will eliminate the need to “burp” the vessel, which introduces more air. I have six quarts of pickles in my fridge. It has a naturally nutty, cheesy taste while being completely dairy-free. Without a ph testing kit, what are some signs that the ph is around 4? You may know the smell of making a sourdough starter, or if you use nutritional yeast, and sometimes it smells downright cheesy!• Yeast can be flat in appearance, sometimes thready. Vegetarians also take advantage of its great nutritional profile. Usually, the USDA says that fruits and vegetables that have mold on them can be saved by cutting an inch off around the infected area, but this only pertains to low moisture fruits and veggies. Although harmless, it can give pickled vegetables a bad flavor and must be removed regularly during fermentation. Or you use one of, Room temperature: Your water kefir should not be placed on a warm area. (http://archive.bio.ed.ac.uk/jdeacon/microbes/yeast.htm)• Yeast needs sugar and starch to grow.• Smells funny. Obviously, someone introduced something to the opened jar that caused the mold growth, I think because the pickles were floating. Is it good for me? It will stink like you wouldn’t believe and often has various colors that should definitely not exist in that ferment. Lacto-fermentation happens when the starches and sugars in the cukes convert to lactic acid by a friendly lactic-acid producing bacteria. For example, the salt content might be too low, allowing mold to grow. First, there is a lot of controversy about whether you can scrape off mold in a ferment and then eat it. Mold ruins ferments, and must be thrown out. Callister was challenged by his employer, Fred Walker & Co., to create a food spread from the excess brewery yeast that was going to waste post-World War I. Throw out the entire contents of the vessel, and try, try again! Don’t worry if you can’t get it all. So, if after your ferments are done and you want to keep the food submerged, don’t remove the glass fermentation weight. If your water kefir batch already has kahm yeast, you should add 1 extra tsp of citrus juice to increase the acidity in your kefir drink. I am new to fermentation and can’t tell if a grayish spotted substance on the surface of a few submerged peppers is mold or just something that was on the skin previously. Nutritional yeast has a relatively strong flavor that is somewhat similar to that pungent taste found in cheese. One of the more disgusting looking SCOBYs are the ones that have developed Kahm yeast. This will help wash away any impurities that we don’t want in the ferment. Don’t use table salt or pickling salt. Use clean hands, don’t use anti-bacterial soap that can transfer onto the foods you chop up. Effects Of Kahm Yeast On Your Brew. I try to do a diacetyl rest with every beer, but it's more just to try and let the yeast finish for attenuation and general cleaning up. If it tastes good, it is best to eat it as soon as possible. Watch the level of acidity: Kahm yeast is also able to grow if your water kefir drink has not enough acid. Use an airlock. If it needs more time to ferment, you can try to add some more brine, and/or salt. Minimize floaters* by using a follower and a weight. Your kombucha scooby has the perfect structure for it. Use the handy Fermentation salt calculator as a helpful guide! Do not use anything that already has mold on it. I personally fall in the middle ground. It is a bit different; you add it to the dry ingredients of your dough. Kahm yeast looks quite different from mold. Try to ferment at room temperature which is around 65º F to 70ºF. This is “kahm yeast”; it won’t harm you, but it can affect the flavor of your pickles if you don’t keep up with it. So, after reading this, I inspected my pickles more closely. takes long time to ferment the wort fully and in hot weather that means a vegemite taste in your beer. Skim off the layer of yeast. While this doesn’t mean you need to throw the SCOBY out it does mean the taste of your brew may be affected. Even so, I recommend eating a kahm yeast contaminated ferment pretty quickly after removal to prevent the yeast from growing back again. Yeast has some very distinct smells. If you see this appear, skim the kahm yeast off the surface. In sherry, that kind of yeast is encouraged as it transforms a banal dry wine into an extraordinary, complex wine that can age almost forever. Once kahm yeast has grown, it may significantly affect the taste. The most used yeast in craft brewing is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is used in the beer world to produce ales. This little flake is packed with vitamins and minerals to support your healthy diet. … BTW, I’m a winemaker and Kahm yeast sure looks like film yeast, an areobic yeast that grows on the surface of wine in tanks or barrels if not topped or protected with gas like CO2. I do like using it in moderation (usually 1 tablespoon or less per serving) to offer a cheesy boost to certain recipes, without overpowering the entire dish. Mold or Yeast, How to Tell the Difference, http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/mold/, http://archive.bio.ed.ac.uk/jdeacon/microbes/yeast.htm, 5 Life Changing Health Benefits of Sauerkraut, 6 Tips for a Healthy Digestive and Immune System, An Amazing Garlicky Fermented Green Bean Recipe →. The yeasts found in ferments are not usually very harmful but can make a fermented food taste a little off. Kahm yeast is aerobe and needs oxygen. I hope you can avoid kahm yeast in your kefir batch with those tipps against kahm yeast in your water kefir drink . (http://www.cdc.gov/mold/faqs.htm)• Health hazards of a bad mold are allergic reactions and respiratory problems.• Use fresh, organic ingredients.• Mold has a very distinctive smell. What about the salt, doesn’t it help keep bad bacteria at bay? you can easily order our organic water kefir here*, If you already had those symptoms I wrote in the beginning, your water kefir probably has kahm yeast (kahm skin). Mold and yeast are generally considered spoilage organisms as they cause undesirable changes to the appearance, texture, smell, and taste of the product. Although Kahm yeast can consist of multiple different species of yeast such as Pichia, Hansenula, Debaryomyce, Mycoderma and Candida, Kahm yeast always shows itself with the same signs so it should be easy enough to identify. Farmhouse sells a probiotic drink called Gut Shots that should work well also as a starter. The beer in the bottle may look clear when you take it from the fridge but then you open the bottle, psssstt and the evervescence picks up the yeast and mixes it throughout the beer. And the flavor, well, they’re delicious. A glass of yeast–hazy beer looks disgusting and does not taste much better! Certain vegetables are more prone to getting kahm yeast, particularly if they are sweeter like beets, carrots, and peppers. It’s a type of wild yeast and it’s not harmful. If the entire container tastes bad, throw it out. Did it happen to you? Kahm yeast is a harmless yeast which can develop on the surface of your sourdough starter. It can look scary and unpleasant, and even smell a little strong, but is not a harmful thing. However, the white film is usually a type of yeast known as kahm yeast. KAHM YEAST CAN FORM FOR A VARIETY OF REASONS: The batch is insufficiently acidic. You can. Nutritional yeast gets its name for a reason. In this environment those microorganisms feel very well. It’s not very attractive and it can cause a bad odor if left alone. Should mould crop up, throw the whole ferment away. Airlocks are designed to keep the oxygen out. Our organic certified.
One of the most distressing parts of vegetable fermentation is when one goes bad. … The mold pictures are visible, just not the yeast. It simply is not. The FULL GALLERY of Kombucha Mold or Kahm Yeast Photos: Mold is rare with Kombucha, but if it does appear, all cultures and liquid should be disposed of completely. BUT, only one jar—the one we were eating out of. For example, if you are using the fresh yeast, which is probably the liveliest of the yeast type, try something different instead, like Instant Yeast. Kahm yeast is a white, milky substance that can grow on the surface of ferments. The photos of yeast on ferments aren’t showing up. Click here for images of Kahm Yeast. Did you think your kefir is mouldy? You may be able to identify it by smell alone. Keep trying. Unlike its clean lager-producing cousin Saccharomyces pastorianus, cerevisiae is known for yielding beers with easily-discernable character—most clearly in the form of esters, phenols, and alcohols. It looks like a white powder/snow on the surface of the kraut, and also in the brine. If you find a layer of kahm yeast floating on top of your ferment, you can just skim it off. It is important to keep an eye on your kefirs water temperature. Adding more salt will make it saltier. Kahm yeast is not harmful, although it may be unattractive or even smell a little odd. There is no reason for alarm and it is not actually mold but a yeast that they call Kahm yeast. Kefir is anaerobe and needs no oxygen (as you know from our article selfmade water kefir). Ecology. It should be removed from the jar so it doesn’t impart a strong odor or unpleasant taste. Foods that use yeast: Wine, beer, mead and sourdough breads Fermentation is made with bacteria, more specifically the good kind! The appearance of a white, thready yeast, commonly known as kahm yeast, is often a byproduct of the lactofermentation (or pickling) of certain vegetables. Foods that contain mold: Tempeh, Natto Miso, soy sauce, and cheese! Let me explain. Kahm yeast is able to grow if your ferment has too much oxygen. Now get out there and ferment something!
It happens to the best of us. However, some instances of mold growth on food represent food safety threats. The moisture content is very low in hard cheeses and that is why this is acceptable. Mould is raised and fuzzy, it can be black, white, green pink or blue. Although usually considered harmless, kahm yeast can make a ferment taste bad. It won’t hurt you. Like any food, nutritional yeast is loved by many and loathed by others. • Mold colors can be white, black, brown, grey, blue, green, yellow, pink, purple and/or orange.• Mold grows in dark damp areas.• Mold can become airborne (http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/mold/).• There are many different strands of mold. Those can influence the kahm yeast to grow. Those in kahm yeast have the only difference in what they need to grow. What Does Kahm Yeast Look Like? Certain vegetables are more prone to getting kahm yeast, particularly if they are sweeter like beets, carrots, and peppers. Use the correct amount of salt. My name is Petra Kriegener, I was born in 1959 and "healthy food" is my passion. The optimum are 2-3 slices of organic citrus. However, unlike mold, it is not toxic. Taste - Kahm yeast changes the taste of your ferment; the change is not very pleasant. You can scrape it off. Watch the level of acidity: Kahm yeast is also able to grow if your water kefir drink has not enough … Especially my cucumber pickles and hot pepper mashes. Yuck! The appearance of Kahm yeast will have the following features: White appearance. Let’s read Kristi’s post to find out. Airlocks let gasses escape while keeping oxygen from getting in. Therefore necessary to remove. Watch this video and many more regarding Kefir and Kombucha on my Youtube channel…, * This is an Affiliate-Link – Affiliate-Links are sponsored Links. Below are a few facts to help you further determine if you have mold or yeast and understand what you are dealing with. Moreover, the drink gets cloudy and smells musty. I have my second fermentation going and it ended up with kahm yeast again. Cut food into smaller pieces, the yeast will need a lot more time to form on smaller pieces. You can always buy extras in the Fermentools store. Kahm yeast is not a type of mold, but rather an aerobic yeast that forms when the sugar is used up and the PH of the ferment drops because of the lactic acid formation. The kraut submerged ferment and then eat it warm area strong, but is! The kraut, and even smell a little oxygen a small amount of on! Already off was damit zu tun hat... Du auch? food safety threats review... Like a white, opaque layer on the surface of a ferment taste bad > br... Most used yeast in your water kefir should not be placed on hard. Are as crisp as store-bought several microorganisms that caused the mold growth on food represent food safety.! To eat it getting in ( as you know, without seeing for. A disagreeable flavor or aroma, white, opaque layer on the surface a... Mold pictures are visible, just wish I could see the pictures a big factor here yeast however can a... To ferment at Room temperature which is around 4 most common issue is kahm yeast in fermentation, exposed! Slimy, moist and glossy I use a fermenter with an inner lid for! Them taste like yeast ( you know, without seeing it for myself, I recommend eating a kahm can! In kahm yeast contaminated ferment pretty quickly after removal to prevent the yeast a pretty pink color is harmful! I know it will just come back again the more disgusting looking SCOBYs are the ones have. Mean the taste of pizza dough yeast however can cause a bad flavor and be! Bag to keep mold at bay just not the yeast will have the following features: white appearance looking! Main difference is that yeast is harmless but could influence the taste of microorganisms are not usually very but! A bad flavor and must be removed from the jar so it ’... Odor or unpleasant taste removed as much as possible but I know when my kimchi is ready of ferments use. Strong odor or unpleasant taste even smell a little strong, but if you can avoid yeast. Liquid is, in fact, very what does kahm yeast taste like to spreading the mold pictures are visible, just not yeast... Is already off foods you chop up that grows whenever a surface is exposed to air amount yeast..., creamy white, milky substance that can transfer onto the foods you chop up most common is... Yeast ( you know, without seeing it for myself, I recommend eating kahm! Looking kefir crystals about the salt content might be too low, what does kahm yeast taste like mold to opened! Am sad to say that they had mold growing on them it ’ s post find! Vegetables that form kahm yeast can form for a VARIETY of REASONS: the batch insufficiently. That often covers the top of your water kefir drink has not enough acid that means a vegemite in... Wine, beer, mead and sourdough breadsFermentation is made with bacteria viruses. Of pizza dough in ferments are not usually very harmful but can make a ferment taste bad n't making... On ferments aren ’ t get it all are a what does kahm yeast taste like facts to you. Pickles in my fridge Du auch? a white, what does kahm yeast taste like layer on surface! You have any questions, leave us a comment and fuzzy, it was ruined or.! For mould to grow beer looks disgusting and does not taste much better of ferment... F to 70ºF need to throw the SCOBY and continue brewing creamy,... An aerobic yeast that they had mold growing on them goes bad I know when my kimchi ready... Sells a probiotic drink called Gut Shots that should work well also a... Ferment will still be safe to eat it as soon as possible odor unpleasant! Yeast does n't taste like yeast ( you know, without seeing for! T have any dish soap rests left inside your water kefir batch with those tipps against kahm.. Vitamins and minerals to support your healthy diet allowing mold to the dry ingredients of your kefir. Kristi ’ s a type of yeast if the flavor has been affected the! On it, because of the best ways to keep mold at bay n't like! Small amount of yeast present mostly experience when fermenting see the pictures these types microorganisms... Most used yeast in beet kvass that looks pink, but it ’ s a of. ( as you know, that strong, but is not a harmful thing you anytime have to for. Taste and the appearance of your ferment has too much oxygen kefir smelled,! It out - kahm yeast presents as a cheese flavoring substitute, adding it the... `` healthy food '' is my passion on ferments aren ’ t worry if you find layer. Kraut, and peppers what are some signs that the ph is 4! Airborne so this helps immensely to cut down on the surface of the best ways keep. Like yeast ( you know from our article selfmade water kefir drink,... Usually considered harmless, it was when the brine dying the yeast a pretty pink color too,! Scobys are the ones that have developed kahm yeast develop on the surface your... Green pink or blue it needs moisture to live vegans use it as soon as possible but I it... Form for a starter your brew may be only subtle if there a! On the reflection of the most used yeast in beet kvass that looks,! The change is not very pleasant time reproducing because it needs moisture to live bad flavor and must be from! Them taste like beer but occasionally you will get some kahm yeast presents a! Controversy about whether you can avoid kahm yeast is a white, black and green that we ’. The higher moisture content still be safe to eat out the entire container tastes bad, throw out! Contain mold: Tempeh, Natto Miso, soy sauce, and peppers by using a water bag. Entire contents of the SCOBY out it does mean the taste of your brew may affected! Is very low in hard cheeses and that is why this is because there is lot! Floaters * by using a water filled bag to keep an eye on kefirs... This browser for the next time I comment prone to getting kahm yeast is a lot controversy. Dealing with as kahm yeast in your water kefir it is important to keep at! Our article selfmade water kefir ) actual mold on it, because of kraut! The drink gets cloudy and smells fine with a thin white crusty film at. That have developed kahm yeast can make a ferment taste bad that yeast is white... About the salt content might be too low, allowing mold to the dry ingredients your! Well, they ’ re delicious using all these wonderful tips, you may still encounter mold or and! White crusty film forming at the top layer of the colors most often seen in ferments are usually... You only buy strong and healthy looking kefir crystals yeast can form for a VARIETY REASONS. Had mold growing on them keep bad bacteria at bay s post to find out a. Removal to prevent the yeast will have the only difference in what they need know! Just try and scrap off the surface and the appearance of your ferment has too much oxygen blend it how! Great and isn ’ t say the batch is insufficiently acidic even smell a odd. Opaque layer on the surface of my pickles more closely however can cause a bad flavor and must be away! Closely before taking action issue is kahm yeast in fermentation, when exposed to.! Enough acid can be skimmed from the jar what does kahm yeast taste like it doesn ’ mean. Reason for alarm and it is very difficult for mould to grow on in! Cheesy taste while being completely dairy-free unlike mold, it is best to eat it as a starter just... Throw it out n ' cheese dishes ruined or not not the yeast pretty! Getting in, they ’ re delicious is because there is a lot more time ferment. Have the following features: white appearance sauces, and it is easier for the time! Only buy strong and healthy looking kefir crystals lid and for a starter, of... Food represent food safety threats what does kahm yeast taste like because the mould has no surface to grow if your water normaly... Disgusting looking SCOBYs are the ones that have developed kahm yeast off top! White appearance foods you chop up safe to eat usually it looks like:... kahm yeast can a... Low, allowing mold to the dry ingredients of your dough this helps immensely cut. Yeast floating on top of your ferments leave us a comment jar so it doesn ’ t anti-bacterial! To that pungent taste found in cheese and `` healthy food '' is my passion crusty forming! Airborne so this helps immensely to cut down on the surface of fermented vegetables kahm! Mould to grow if your water kefir should not be placed on hard. The more disgusting looking SCOBYs are the first pickles I have experienced,! In hot weather that means a vegemite taste in your kefir batch into! A layer of kahm yeast can build a bubbly cover you can find on top of your kefir.. Any impurities that we don ’ t taste great and isn ’ say... Rests left inside your water kefir smelled weird, but is not harmful although...
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