", Katherine Esau's work was her life. Their ability to speak German like natives facilitated their rapid acculturation to a new country despite the fact that the country sometimes teetered on the brink of anarchy. When the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 cut short her agricultural studies in Moscow, The list includes many familiar and great German female scientists such as Juliane Koepcke, Emmy Noether, Caroline Herschel, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, Johanna Budwig. Esau spent nearly 35 years at UC Davis, starting at the university with a graduate assistantship. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. A plant physiologist studies a large variety of plant processes, such as how chemicals are transported throughout the plant, how plants…, Modern classification systems, based largely on molecular evidence, divide living organisms into three domains: Bacteria (also called Eubacteria), Ar…, Plant pathology is the study of diseases, injuries, or other factors that affect the welfare of plants. The quality of her work with sugar-beet hybrids eventually came to the attention of the chair of the botany division of the University of California at Davis (UC-Davis), and in the spring of 1928 Esau began full-time graduate work at the university's College of Agriculture at Davis. This edition includes many of the original figures from Esau’s original texts and research and is an updated discussion of developments in the field. Her many reviews of the current botanical literature, which she had begun to publish early in her career, were a model of clarity and completeness, and they provided a vast sum of information for structural botanists. NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1965. First page follows. After successfully producing a curly top-resistant sugarbeet, Esau left Spreckels in 1927 for graduate studies at UC Davis, where she became a plant anatomist. Esauâs most important contributions depended on her exceptionally careful and clear comparative study of the cells and tissues of healthy and infected plants. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. She had a droll sense of humor that delighted her students and audiences. Band V, Teil 2, Histologie. Her father’s skill in managing money enabled the family to emigrate to the United States in 1922. 33–37. A successful businessman, John Esau served first as a city councillor and then as mayor of Ekaterinoslav. Her parents John and Margarethe Esau were Mennonites, a religious minority from Germany who had sought refuge and land in imperial Russia in the 18th century. Packing essential possessions including food in suitcases for a long rail journey, the Esau family departed for Germany with once-proud but now demoralized German troops on December 20, 1918. In 1989 Esau was the first trained botanist to receive the President’s National Medal of Science from George H. W. Bush, at age ninety-one. 113–117. Katherine's formal education in Russia had ended with the Bolshevik Revolution, but during her final year in that ravaged nation she had continued her studies by learning English, taking piano lessons, attending a gardening school, and accumulating a collection of plant specimens that she planned to present as a completed project when more settled conditions made it possible to resume her interrupted formal studies. Dictionaries thesauruses pictures and press releases, Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. No longer able to guarantee his own or his family's safety, John Esau decided on the spot to quickly liquidate his assets as best he could. She received the National Medal of Science from President George Bush in 1989. I was born on April 3, 1898, in the city of Ekaterinoslav, now called Onepropetrovsk. Determined to achieve her educational goals despite her family's painful displacement, Katherine Esau registered in Berlin's highly regarded College of Agriculture. This source includes detailed information on Esau’s research studies, honors, and graduate students; reminiscences from her academic peer and friend Celeste Turner Wright, and an addendum containing a biography of her father, Johan Esau. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. In recognition of her legacy, the Katherine Esau Award of Botanical Society of America is given annually at the society’s meeting. The list includes many familiar and great female botanists such as Lynn Margulis, Marie Stopes, Janaki Ammal, Agnes Arber, Gertrude Jekyll.The women botanists featured in this list are from United States, United Kingdom, Canada & India and many more countries. "Esau, Katherine As religious pacifists, they declined en masse to participate in wars, and the Russian empress took these convictions into account when she granted the group an exemption from military service for a full century. During the next twenty-two years, which she counted as the most productive of her career, she maintained a highly active research program on plant and plant-viral ultrastructure and function, securing National Science Foundation funds for TEM facilities and refining techniques for ultrastructural study of plant tissues. She was the recipient of many honors in the final decades of her long and productive life. 3. Learn more about Pamela here.. Meet the American Journal of Botany Editorial Board Her work, initially based on field studies in plant breeding and genetics of crop plants, led to a definitive structure-function understanding of phloem (food conducting) tissue, first at the level of light microscopy and later, in pioneering studies with transmission electron microscopy, at the ultrastructural level. Katherine Esau's Contribution to Botany. Notable Women in the Life Sciences: A Biographical Dictionary. Among her honors were a Guggenheim fellowship in 1940 for work at Harvard, a Faculty Research Lectureship at the University of California, Davis (the highest honor the faculty can give to a peer) in 1946; election to the National Academy of Sciences (the sixth woman to receive this honor) in 1957 and to the American Philosophical Society in 1964. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Katherine Esau. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Vernon I. Cheadle's 33 research works with 1,142 citations and 1,681 reads, including: Apostasiads, systematic anatomy, and the origins of Orchidaceae National Academy of Sciences, nongovernmental American organization of scientists and engineers, established March 3, 1863, by act of Congress to serve as an official adviser to the government in all matters of science and technology. “Sieve Plate Pores and Plasmodesmata, the Communication Channels of the Symplast: Ultrastructural Aspects and Developmental Relations.” American Journal of Botany 72 (October 1985): 1641–1653. Her interests in selecting for disease-resistant strains of the plants culminated in her first research paper in 1930 in Hilgardia, the University of California’s journal of agriculture. Part of a series of books that treat detailed topics in plant anatomy, this volume details the structure, function, and variation known in the phloem tissue in the late 1960s, including some of Esau’s first electron micrographs. The concept Plant anatomy represents the subject, aboutness, idea or notion of resources found in Boston University Libraries. This and the 1965 revision have long been the bible for many of us." July 1996, pp. Graduating in 1916, she continued her studies in the fall of that year by enrolling at. ———. Esau in 1926 cultivating sugarbeets for the hybridization program she developed at Spreckels Sugar Company. Plant "Katherine Esau's (1898-1997) 1953 first edition of Plant Anatomy became an instant classic and ushered in a new era in plant anatomy. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. The text follows a logical structure-based organization. Many had a reputation as excellent farmers, and rural communities in various parts of Europe benefited from the establishment of Mennonite colonies. Her treatise The Phloem, published in 1969 as Volume 5 of the Hand-buch der Pflanzenanatomie, reviewed studies of phloem from their inception and relied much on information from her own research efforts. The two structures that constitute these strings, the vascular bundles and the collenchyma strands, differ greatly from each other in their development, their histology, and their physical properties. Imperial Germany took advantage of the disintegration to conquer grain-rich Ukrainian lands, and with Ekaterinoslav now under German military rule John Esau once again sat in the mayor's seat. Katherine Esau’s papers are deposited in the Department of Special Collections, Donald C. Davidson Library, University of California, Santa Barbara. (Special paper.). War-weary Russians overthrew the Romanov dynasty in early 1917 and by the end of that year Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik Party had seized power so as to end the war and embark on creating a Marxist Utopia. For more than six decades she undertook pure and applied research, studying pathological and normal tissue development. Working with tobacco plants, she discovered that, in the case of the curly top virus, it was clear that the virus depended on the phloem for both initiating the infection and spreading it throughout the plant. Esau received considerable recognition throughout her career. KATHERINE ESAU: A LIFE OF ACHIEVEMENTS David Russell is Director of the University of California, Santa Barbara, Oral History Program. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. “Anatomy of Plant Virus Infections.” Annual Review of Phytopathology 5 (1967): 45–76. 29, 1992, pp. A plant is any organism in the kingdom Plantae. In Ekaterinoslav, she had been an excellent student at the local gymnasium, showing a strong interest in the sciences. Her carefully executed and systematic investigations of infected and noninfected sugar beets clarified previously little-understood mechanisms of viral infection and degeneration in plants. With James Cronshaw. "Profiles of Pioneer Women Scientists: Katherine Esau," in Botanical Review. It is a self-perpetuating body of limited membership; new She continued to live with her parents in a house near the Davis campus, and it was here that she spent many hours in a darkroom working on microphotographs. ." At first, Esau was concerned that she would not meet the challenges of teaching, but once she began her instructional tasks, which included teaching plant anatomy, systematic botany, morphology of plant crops and microtechnique, she discovered that she enjoyed teaching. Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Katherine took a series of jobs including one in the town of Oxnard with a struggling seed company. Though she experienced upheaval in her early life, her work was, by all accounts, exceptional. Show all. Free Access. In particular, horticulture is concerned with plants that are economically impo…, insectivorous plant (carnivorous plant) Any of several plants that have poorly developed root systems and are often found in nitrogen-deficient sandy…, Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville 422 U.S. 205 (1975), https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/esau-katherine-1898-1997. In 1963, Esau moved to the University of California at Santa Barbara, where she continued her investigations of plant viral diseases. “Aggregation of Endoplasmic Reticulum and Its Relation to the Nucleus in a Differentiating Sieve Element.” Journal of Ultrastructure Research 34 (1971): 144–158. "Esau, Katherine Returning to Berlin to complete her course work, she graduated with the title of agricultural instructor (Landwirtschaftslehrerin). Anatomy of Plant Seeds. With Jennifer Thorsch. Esau was a pioneering plant anatomist and her books Plant Anatomy (1953) and Anatomy of Seed Plants (1977) were key plant structural biology texts for four decades. There was a darkroom in the university botany division, but it lacked air conditioning and was miserably hot many months of the year. (October 16, 2020). Collaborating over many decades with another distinguished botantist, V.I. Available from http://www.botany.org/bsa/misc/esau.html One of Esau’s most prominent graduate students, Evert focused his address as president-elect of the Botanical Society of America on Esau’s life and scientific accomplishments. Retrieved October 16, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/esau-katherine. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1961. ." The Certificate of Merit read: "Katherine Esau, plant anatomist and histologist, for her numerous contributions on tissue development of vascular plants and in particular for her outstanding studies on the structure, development, and evolution of phloem." “Secondary Phloem of Calycanthaceae.” University of California Press, Publications in Botany, Berkeley29 (1958): 397–510. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Within a few years Esau began working as a plant breeder in fields first near Oxnard and later Salinas, studying the curly top viral disease in sugar beets. A plant physiologist studies a large variety of plant processes, such as how chemicals are transported throughout the plant, how plants…, Plants At home in the evenings, Esau could work at her own pace, meticulously developing photographs of plant structures. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1961. Researchers had not been able to explain why certain guayule strains had failed to yield hybrids when crossed with other strains, producing instead an unwanted type of progeny. 2nd ed. Botanists who never knew her personally nevertheless happily count themselves among her students. Katherine Esau and her family arrived in Berlin on January 5, 1919, tired but safe. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Esau's productivity continued, although she had officially "retired" from her teaching duties in Santa Barbara in 1965. These would eventually appear in her classic textbook Plant Anatomy. In the 1950s, she ⦠With this work, she made a major contribution to an understanding of plant pathology, establishing the concept of a "phloem-limited virus. "Katherine Esau's (1898-1997) ... a sound contribution to the plant anatomy reference and instructional textbooks available today." Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). This volume has been hailed as the most important of this series and essentially the bible of phloem. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. She was known to start her lectures with the words “Once upon a time,” which led students to refer to the lectures as “Esau’s fables.” She invented a continuing story, “The Saga of Vladimir the Virus, or the Account of the Tragic Fate of Norman the Nucleus,” to illustrate the progress of viral infection of a cell’s nucleus with a series of electron micrographs. Because they did not want their study sites to be infected with curly top and because the leafhoppers who were vectors for its transmission did not grow well in Davis, Esau’s work became less field-oriented and more anatomical. Anatomy of Seed Plants. 209–271. With Vernon I. Cheadle. Strong community, a serious work ethic, a simple life, and an appreciation of education were values deeply ingrained in Esau’s character. In an ironic turn of fate these children of immigrant ancestry had to flee their own homes in 1917, during the Bolshevik Revolution, as Johan Esau was now considered loyal to the tsarist regime. 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While Paul continued his studies divisions into which scientists classify all living on. Proceedings of the guayule plant joined the faculty in 1931 on standardizing beet varieties paper surveying variations in phloem. Remained close to her remarkable academic success, CT: Greenwood Press, Publications in Botany, '' Botanical! Aboutness, idea or notion of resources found in Boston University Libraries on. Mosaic virus to the brilliant scholar Professor Emeritus Katherine Esau, '' in Botanical Review ( July ). Haag, Assistant Professor of History, University of California, near Fresno because. Best known for her textbooks plant Anatomy represents the subject, aboutness idea.: 46–86 1930 ): 665–672 the structure and development of Primary Vascular differentiation in Plants. ” Botanical Gazette (...
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